{"id":29212,"date":"2021-02-18T10:51:02","date_gmt":"2021-02-18T09:51:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/2021\/05\/14\/frequently-asked-questions-ce-marking-according-to-the-machinery-directive\/"},"modified":"2021-08-19T10:30:00","modified_gmt":"2021-08-19T08:30:00","slug":"frequently-asked-questions-ce-marking-according-to-the-machinery-directive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/en\/2021\/02\/18\/frequently-asked-questions-ce-marking-according-to-the-machinery-directive\/","title":{"rendered":"Frequently asked questions: CE marking according to the Machinery Directive"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\">[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]\n<div>\n<p>The weyer gruppe&#8217;s range of services extends across numerous areas and covers a wide variety of problems. For our clients and interested parties, experience has shown that these services and the associated regulations can raise a number of questions. This series of articles aims to provide clarity and answer the respective frequently asked questions.<\/p>\n<p>Our first topic today is about CE marking according to the Machinery Directive.<\/p>\n<p>If your question is not answered here, you have the possibility to ask us within the framework of a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/en\/2021\/01\/14\/free-initial-consultation-for-all-engineering-and-consulting-services\/\" rel=\"noopener\">free initial consultation<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text]<h4 class=\"grve-element grve-align-left grve-title-no-line grve-h4\" style=\"\"><span>Frequently asked questions in the field of CE marking according to the Machinery Directive<\/span><\/h4><div class=\"grve-element grve-hr grve-space-divider\" style=\"\"><\/div>[vc_tta_accordion active_section=&#8221;0&#8243; collapsible_all=&#8221;true&#8221;][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Where is the Machinery Directive 2006\/42\/EC (MRL) legally binding?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;mrl-geltungsbereich&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p>The MRL only applies within the European Economic Area (EEA). The EEA is made up of the 27 member states of the European Union and the EFTA states Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. On the basis of special agreements with the EU, the MRL is also applicable in Switzerland and Turkey.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Which products fall within the scope of the MRL?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;anwendungsbereich-mrl&#8221;][vc_column_text]The MRL regulates the following products (details in mouseover):<\/p>\n<ul class=\"information-button\">\n<li><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4222fcc_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4222fcc\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"top\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\">Machines<\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4222fcc\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-no\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#454545;font-size:14px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\">Machines<\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">Tooltip content<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4222fcc_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e42230e2_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f38e42230e2\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"top\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\">interchangeable equipment<\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e42230e2\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-no\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#454545;font-size:14px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\">interchangeable equipment<\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">Tooltip content<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e42230e2_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223197_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223197\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"top\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\">Safety components<\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223197\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-no\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#454545;font-size:14px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\">Safety components<\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">Safety components also fall within the scope of the MRL if all of the following conditions are met:The component ensures a safety function; The component is placed on the market individually, i.e. separately from the machine; The failure and\/or malfunction of the component endangers the safety of persons; The component is not necessary for the functioning of the machine or can be replaced by components that are usual for the functioning of the machine. Annex V of the MRL contains a non-exhaustive list in this respect.examples: - Hydraulic\/pneumatic valves to protect against hazardous machine movements in the event of failure of the machine - Extraction systems for hazardous substances and materials processed or released by machinery - Soundproof bonnets - Control cabinets with one or more safety functions for the protection of persons - Safety fences \/ protective fences to protect against moving parts of the machine. Translated with www.DeepL.com\/Translator (free version)<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223197_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223243_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223243\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"top\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\">Load handling attachment<\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223243\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-no\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#454545;font-size:14px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\">Load handling attachment<\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">Load handling attachments are defined as components or equipment that are fitted between the machine (hoist) and the load or to the load itself to enable a load to be gripped. The components or equipment are not part of the lifting equipment and are placed on the market separately from the lifting equipment. Lifting accessories also include slings and their components, for example: Crane traverses, lifting magnets, vacuum lifters.<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223243_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e42232df_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f38e42232df\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"top\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\">Chains, ropes, belts<\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e42232df\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-no\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#454545;font-size:14px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\">Chains, ropes, belts<\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">Chains, ropes and belts are also covered by the scope if they are intended by the manufacturer to become part of a hoist or load handling attachment. A hoist is a machine for lifting loads.<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e42232df_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223378_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223378\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"top\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\">removable cardan shafts<\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223378\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-no\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#454545;font-size:14px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\">removable cardan shafts<\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">A detachable PTO shaft is a detachable component for power transmission between a prime mover or tractor and another machine, which connects the first fixed bearings of both machines. Such detachable PTO shafts are primarily used in agriculture, where they serve to connect a tractor to a trailed or stationary machine.<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223378_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223436_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223436\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"top\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\">incomplete machines<\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223436\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-no\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#454545;font-size:14px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\">incomplete machines<\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">Partly completed machinery<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f38e4223436_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"grve-element grve-box-icon grve-align-left\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-icon grve-medium grve-simple grve-no-shape grve-color-primary-1 fa fa-warning\"><\/div>  <div class=\"grve-box-content\"><h5 class=\"grve-box-title\"><span>Note<\/span><\/h5>    <p class=\"\">The same requirements apply to interchangeable equipment, safety components, lifting accessories, chains, ropes, belts and detachable PTO shafts as to machinery. These products are therefore referred to as products equivalent to machines.<\/p>  <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Who must apply the MRL?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;anwendung-mrl&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p>The MRL is basically addressed to the manufacturer who makes a product covered by the scope <strong>available<\/strong> on the market (places it on the market) for the <strong>first time<\/strong> in the EEA.<\/p>\n<p>A special feature of the MRL is the equation of an operator with the manufacturer if the operator manufactures a machine for his own use and puts it into operation for the first time (operator = own manufacturer).<\/p>\n<p>The requirements of the MRL must be fulfilled for the proprietary manufacturer by the time of commissioning. Commissioning is defined as the <strong>first intended<\/strong> <strong>use<\/strong>of a machine in the EEA.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"grve-element grve-box-icon grve-align-left\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-icon grve-medium grve-simple grve-no-shape grve-color-primary-1 fa fa-warning\"><\/div>  <div class=\"grve-box-content\"><h5 class=\"grve-box-title\"><span>Note<\/span><\/h5>    <p class=\"\">This regulation often concerns operators who, for example, link several incomplete machines in terms of production and safety technology by means of a superordinate control and safety technology to form a &#8220;totality of machines&#8221;. <\/p>  <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;What requirements must the manufacturer fulfil?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;anfoderungen-hersteller&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p>Before placing a machine on the market or putting it into service, the manufacturer or his own manufacturer must provide evidence that the provisions of the MRL have been complied with. The MRL prescribes certain procedures for this purpose.<\/p>\n<p>The MRL recognises three different conformity assessment procedures.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. assessment of conformity with internal production control<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In this procedure, the manufacturer or proprietary manufacturer must ensure and declare on his own responsibility that the machine meets all relevant legal requirements.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. EC type-examination<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>EC type-examination is the procedure whereby a notified body ascertains and certifies that a representative specimen of machinery referred to in Annex IV satisfies the provisions of the MRL.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. comprehensive quality assurance<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As an alternative to the EC type-examination procedure, the conformity of machinery referred to in Annex IV shall be demonstrated by a full quality assurance system. The quality system shall be assessed, approved and monitored in operation by a notified body. <\/p>\n<p>In connection with the implementation of the conformity assessment procedure, technical documentation must be drawn up by the manufacturer or own manufacturer. On the basis of the technical documentation, it must be possible for the competent authorities (market surveillance) to assess conformity with the legal requirements. <\/p>\n<p>In particular, the following documents shall be prepared as part of the technical documentation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Risk assessment<\/li>\n<li>Operating instructions<\/li>\n<li>EU\/EC Declaration of Conformity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"grve-element grve-box-icon grve-align-left\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-icon grve-medium grve-simple grve-no-shape grve-color-primary-1 fa fa-warning\"><\/div>  <div class=\"grve-box-content\"><h5 class=\"grve-box-title\"><span>Note<\/span><\/h5>    <p class=\"\">The manufacturer or his own manufacturer must affix the CE marking to machinery and products assimilated to machinery.<br \/>\nFor partly completed machinery, a separate procedure must be followed by the manufacturer or own manufacturer. Within the framework of this procedure, technical documentation must also be drawn up, in particular<br \/>\n\u2022 Risk assessment<br \/>\n\u2022 Assembly instructions<br \/>\n\u2022 Declaration of incorporation<\/p>\n<p><b>Affixing the CE marking to an incomplete machine is prohibited!<\/b><\/p>  <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Who monitors compliance with the MRL?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1613041385862-e5ecbe9c-b678&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<p>Infringements of compliance with the internal market regulations can be objected to or sanctioned by the market surveillance \/ market monitoring.<\/p>\n<p>The powers of the market surveillance authorities are determined nationally by the respective Member States in the EEA. In Germany, the market surveillance authorities are authorised according to the regulations in the Product Safety Act, among others: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>prohibit the display of a product<\/li>\n<li>order that a product be verified by a notified body<\/li>\n<li>prohibit a product from being made available on the market<\/li>\n<li>order the withdrawal or recall of a product made available on the market<\/li>\n<li>to secure a product, to destroy this product or to render it unusable in any other way<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Does the MRL also apply to process plants?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1613041709253-44393328-3d00&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<p>In the practical application of the term &#8220;assembly of machinery&#8221;, the question often arises in the case of large industrial plants (e.g. steelworks, power plants or plants of the chemical industry) as to what extent such plants are subject to the requirements of the MRL as &#8220;assembly of machinery&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>In the case of large industrial plants, the production-related connection can often be affirmed, but usually not the safety-related connection. In this case, such installations as a whole are <strong>not<\/strong>subject to the requirements of the MRL. <\/p>\n<p>The facts regarding the application of the MRL to industrial plant are referred to in the European Commission&#8217;s &#8220;Guide to the application of the Machinery Directive 2006\/42\/EC&#8221;, which states that the definition &#8220;assembly of machinery&#8221; does not necessarily have to be applied to a complete industrial plant in its entirety.<\/p>\n<p>However, it is pointed out that most industrial installations can usually be divided into individual units of machinery in the sense of homogeneous functional units, for each of which the requirements of the MRL are to be applied.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Raw material unloading and feeding, filling, processing, packaging and loading units<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;How can a CE coordinator be meaningfully involved in the machinery procurement process?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1613041800747-c310b855-3188&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<p>Practical example of planning an agitator system:<\/p>\n<p>An operator is planning a new agitator system for his own use, consisting of an agitator vessel (1), pump (2), power-operated fittings (3+4), piping, control system incl. MSR technology (5) and a storage vessel (6). The assemblies are procured from various suppliers and interlinked under the responsibility of the operator.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"grve-element grve-image grve-align-center\" style=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1373\" height=\"708\" src=\"https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/prozessablauf.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/prozessablauf.jpg 1373w, https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/prozessablauf-300x155.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/prozessablauf-1024x528.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/prozessablauf-768x396.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1373px) 100vw, 1373px\" \/><\/div>[vc_column_text]\n<p>Der CEKO sollte bereits in der Planungs-\/Beschaffungsphase des R\u00fchrwerkssystems eingebunden werden, um die folgenden Fragen zu kl\u00e4ren:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Are the partly completed machines (1) to (4) interlinked with the storage container (6), the pipelines and the control system incl. MSR technology (5) in terms of production <u>and<\/u>safety? <\/li>\n<li>What are the resulting requirements for the assessment procedure according to the MRL and is CE marking required in this context?<\/li>\n<li>Do other EU directives apply beyond the MRL, e.g. for pressure equipment 2014\/68\/EU, equipment in potentially explosive atmospheres 2014\/34\/EU and for electromagnetic compatibility 2014\/30\/EU?<\/li>\n<li>Which documents must be prepared in this context for the &#8220;agitator system in its entirety or for the individual machines?<\/li>\n<li>Which CE-relevant aspects are to be contractually regulated in the procurement process vis-\u00e0-vis the suppliers for the assemblies (1) to (6) (e.g. with regard to responsibilities, interface considerations and the documentation to be provided)?<\/li>\n<li>Was the documentation provided by the suppliers checked for compliance with the formal legal requirements before initial commissioning (plausibility check)?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>When planning the agitator system, other practical aspects must also be taken into account, e.g.:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Consideration of the interfaces and interactions should also begin in the planning phase of the plant, e.g. with regard to measures for explosion protection (explosion protection concept) as the basis for the explosion protection document in accordance with the Ordinance on Hazardous Substances and the definition of safety functions with classification of the required performance level (PL) or safety integrity level (SIL) for the execution of the control technology chain of action sensor-logic-actuator.<\/li>\n<li>In order to ensure that a large number of hazards are identified in the risk assessment, the risk assessment should be supplemented with a systematic consideration of aspects of process safety in the form of a HAZOP study (PAAG method) for process and process engineering installations, taking into account the protection goals from Annex I of the MRL.<\/li>\n<li>The risk assessment prepared in accordance with the MRL can be used by the operator as employer, among other things, to fulfil the legal requirements for occupational safety as part of the work equipment-related risk assessment in accordance with the Ordinance on Industrial Safety and Health.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Does a machine\/plant have to be CE marked after a modification?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1613041893285-2160e18d-adc1&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<p>For the use of work equipment (e.g. machines\/plants) by the operator, the Occupational Health and Safety Act and the Ordinance on Industrial Safety and Health (BetrSichV) based on it must be observed, among other things.<\/p>\n<p>The BetrSichV stipulates that before modifying work equipment, the employer must assess whether the modifications require compliance with manufacturer&#8217;s obligations arising from other legal provisions, in particular the Product Safety Act (ProdSG).<\/p>\n<p>The ProdSG covers the making available of products on the market, irrespective of whether they are new, used, repaired, reconditioned or even substantially modified. The ProdSG defines that a used product that is &#8220;substantially changed&#8221; from its original condition is to be considered a new product. <\/p>\n<p>The assessment of whether a significant change within the meaning of the ProdSG is present must be examined on a case-by-case basis within the framework of a risk assessment, taking into account the interpretation in the interpretation paper of the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs with the flow chart mentioned below.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"grve-element grve-box-icon grve-align-left\" style=\"\">  <div class=\"grve-icon grve-medium grve-simple grve-no-shape grve-color-primary-1 fa fa-warning\"><\/div>  <div class=\"grve-box-content\"><h5 class=\"grve-box-title\"><span>Note<\/span><\/h5>    <p class=\"\">The modification of a machine\/entirety of machines (e.g. by linking, replacement of components, increase in performance, intervention in the safety technology) can therefore, on the basis of the ProdSG, lead to the fact that, from a legal point of view, a &#8220;new&#8221; product is created from a machine or system already in operation due to a modification.<\/p>\n<p>If the operator determines a &#8220;significant change&#8221; in the course of his risk assessment prior to the conversion, the conformity assessment procedure according to the MRL must be carried out by the operator as a proprietary manufacturer.<\/p>\n<p>If the change in a set of machines only affects a part of the machine, it must be examined to what extent this has an effect on the whole (installation as a whole). If this change itself and its effects on the entirety are to be judged as substantial, a substantial change of the entirety of machines is present. <\/p>\n<p>This means that only when a &#8220;new&#8221; hazard or risk increase is transferred across interfaces from one machine to the other(s) and there is a significant change at all machines, does a significant change result in the totality of machines as a whole.<\/p>  <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;What is a Performance Level (PL)?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1613042020596-f88a8e76-9ccd&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p>The PL is a characteristic value for the reliability with which safety-relevant parts of a control system fulfil a safety function &#8211; for personal protection. It is defined as the probability of a dangerous failure per hour (PFH). The PL is represented on a five-point scale from a to e, where e stands for the lowest probability of failure.  <\/p>\n<p>In the risk assessment according to MRL, the required performance level (PLr) must first be defined as a reliability requirement for each safety function that is to be implemented as a technical protective device in the machine control system for risk reduction, according to a risk graph or standard specifications.<\/p>\n<p>The PLr refers to the control technology part of the protective device (functional chain) consists of the sensor system for detecting the dangerous state, a logic system for processing the signals and an actuator system for switching off the dangerous machine movement.<\/p>\n<p>The specified PLr thus has an impact on the quality of components used in the functional chain and on the design of the circuitry in terms of susceptibility to one or more faults.<\/p>\n<p>In the next step, the reliability of the respective safety function must be evaluated and mathematically proven, taking into account the device- and component-specific characteristics used. Proof is provided by determining the category, the probability of a dangerous failure per hour and determining the diagnostic coverage.<\/p>\n<p>For the verification, the component suppliers either directly provide the data on the probability of failure and\/or the PL of their subsystems or provide information on the number of operations until a dangerous failure occurs. For proven components without supplier details, default values from standard tables can be used.<\/p>\n<p>In the process, the individual subsystems are linked together to determine the PL achieved for the overall system. The probability of failure and the diagnostic coverage of the overall system are calculated from the parameters of the subsystems and assigned to a PL for the overall system of the safety function according to standard tables. <\/p>\n<p>The last step is to verify whether the PL achieved is greater than or equal to the required PLr.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_accordion]<div class=\"grve-element grve-image-text\" style=\"\"><div class=\"grve-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1219\" height=\"910\" src=\"https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VDI_CE_Umbau_Verkettung.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VDI_CE_Umbau_Verkettung.jpg 1219w, https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VDI_CE_Umbau_Verkettung-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VDI_CE_Umbau_Verkettung-1024x764.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/VDI_CE_Umbau_Verkettung-768x573.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1219px) 100vw, 1219px\" \/><\/div>  <div class=\"grve-content grve-align-left\">    <h5>Working Group Mechanical and Plant Engineering VDI District Association Berlin-Brandenburg: CE Marking - Provisioning\/Remodelling\/Catenation<\/h5>  <p>In our presentation you will find many useful tips on CE marking according to the Machinery Directive.<\/p>    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/CE_Umbau_Verkettung_web.pdf\" target=\"_self\" class=\"grve-read-more \">download here<\/a>  <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]We will be happy to answer any further questions in our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weyer-gruppe.com\/en\/2021\/01\/14\/free-initial-consultation-for-all-engineering-and-consulting-services\/\">free initial consultation.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>To do this, contact:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Manfred Schulte<\/strong><br \/>\nweyer group | horst weyer und partner gmbh<br \/>\nD\u00fcren | Deutschland<br \/>\nTel.: +49 2421 \u2013 69 09 10<br \/>\nE-Mail: <a href=\"mailto:m.schulte@weyer-gruppe.com\">m.schulte@weyer-gruppe.com<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] The weyer gruppe&#8217;s range of services extends across numerous areas and covers a wide variety of problems. For our clients and interested parties, experience has shown that these services and the associated regulations can raise a number of questions. This series of articles aims to provide clarity and answer the respective frequently asked questions. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":28095,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2382,2405],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-betreiber-und-investoren","category-ce-kennzeichnung-nach-maschinenrichtlinie"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Frequently asked questions: CE marking according to the Machinery Directive<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In our article &quot;Frequently asked questions CE marking according to the Machinery Directive&quot; we explain important basics for the implementation of the MRL.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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